More on how to use YouTube follows.įigure 1. For example, the surgeon general videos available from the Department of Health and Human Services website use YouTube ( Figure 1), as do videos from IRS.gov and my home state of Virginia. Interestingly, several agencies meet this requirement via YouTube’s captioning. 794d) states that “All training and informational video and multimedia productions which support the agency’s mission, regardless of format, that contain speech or other audio information necessary for the comprehension of the content, shall be open or closed captioned.” Beyond these federal requirements, note that states that receive federal funds under the Assistive Technology Act of 1998 must also comply with Section 508 to some degree. Starting with federal agencies, Section 508 1194.24(c) of the Rehabilitation Act (29 U.S.C. Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Actįour laws create the obligation to caption. Let’s start with those legally required to caption. Two classes of websites caption those required by law and those who caption voluntarily. While each has a unique format and structure, the content of all closed caption files is similar, primarily consisting of the textual data and time code information that dictates when it’s displayed. There are many closed captions standards, and several are discussed here. Technically, background sounds and other nonvocal audio don’t have to be incorporated into the text description, since subtitles are not designed for the deaf and hard-of-hearing, but these elements are often included. Subtitles are typically implemented to allow viewers to watch videos produced in different languages. In contrast, open captions are burned into the video stream and can’t be disabled. They are also closed, so they can be disabled for viewers with no hearing disabilities.
Closed captions incorporate all elements of the audio experience, including identifying background sounds, the identity of the speaker, the existence of background music, descriptions of how the speaker is talking, and similar information. In this introduction to closed captions, you’ll learn about who needs to caption and who doesn’t (and why you may want to anyway), the available workflows for captioning live events and on-demand files, and a bit about web caption formats and how to marry them to your streaming files.Ĭlosed captions enable deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals to access the audio components of the audio/video experience. Not only does it provide access for deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers, but captions and the associated metadata can dramatically improve video search engine optimization. Though relatively few websites are required to provide closed captions for their videos, any website with significant video content should consider captioning.
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